Windfarms
What are offshore Windfarms?
- What do they look like?
- How do they work?
- How are they installed?
 
Why do we need offshore wind farms?
- Meet energy demands
- Mitigate the effects
 
Where are offshore wind farms and where will they be?
- Offshore developments
- Development in Norfolk/Suffolk
- The competition
 
Implications for Norfolk/Suffolk
- Benefits
- Constraints
- The future for Norfolk/Suffolk
 
 

Where are offshore windfarms and where will they be?

Development in Norfolk/Suffolk, reasons for location.

The Eastern region is particularly well-suited to the offshore wind industry as it has fantastic geographical, industrial and academic expertise.

- Low tidal changes

- Shallow water

- Good wind speeds

- Suitable seabed conditions

- Prime location

- Good infrastructure

- Good communications

- Skills base

- Facilites & Expertise

 

Low tidal changes

The tidal ranges off the Norfolk/Suffolk coast are the lowest around the British coast making wind turbine installation and maintenance easier and cheaper as fewer resources are required. These waters are preferable to the high tidal ranges of the Humber region. Top

Shallow water

The waters off the Norfolk/Suffolk coast are shallow meaning a shorter, cheaper wind turbine can be used, and making installation and maintenance easier. Around Scroby Sands the waters are well protected against extreme wave action by the sandbanks. Top

Good wind speeds

The annual mean wind speed is 7.5-9 metres/second. This is ideal for current offshore wind turbine technologies. Being offshore reduces wind turbulence and the wind is more consistent and less extreme. Top

Suitable seabed conditions

The Norfolk/Suffolk seabed is predominantly chalk and sand, both soft rocks that make the hammering in of wind turbines easier. Top

Prime location

Located between two strategic development areas (the government licensed development areas) – Greater Wash and Thames Estuary – Norfolk/Suffolk and the ports of Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth are the perfect location for manufacturers to situate their operations. Wind turbines can easily be built and floated out from the ports to the wind farm sites. Norfolk/Suffolk is close to Europe and well located to deliver electricity to the Southeast of England. Top

Good Infrastructure

The infrastructure required for the manufacture, installation and operation of offshore wind turbines either already exists in East Anglia, as Mapergy highlights, or could easily be brought in.

As a result of the region’s oil and gas industry undersea pipelines are in place which could be utilised for feeding electricity cables through to connect the turbines with the National Grid. The Grid infrastructure is well equipped to deliver electricity to the bordering regions but as production increases will need to be expanded.

Norfolk/Suffolk’s two ports, Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth, are suitably deep and easily navigable and are accustomed to operating twenty-four seven so are ideal for floating the wind turbines out from and as focal points for maintenance and operations. The docks in the Humber region are closed and those of the Thames Estuary are container ports only and unable to cope with the capacity required for manufacturing and transporting a wind turbine.

Although Yarmouth and Lowestoft are the most suitable sites available Andy Hilton, the Project Manager at Scroby Sands, fears that the facilities are not able to accommodate the weight of wind turbines nor handle the capacity required for Round Two developments. He supports the building of an outer Yarmouth harbour for this purpose which would attract wind turbine manufacturers to the region.

Government investment at a grassroots level is necessary to ensure that the UK, and the Norfolk/Suffolk region, have the necessary infrastructure in place to attract wind turbine manufacturers and developers. The piles and turbine towers at Scroby Sands were sourced from the UK and it is possible to purchase wind turbines from Scotland although most are purchased from Europe. Top

Good communications

Norfolk/Suffolk is close to London and to the Southeast of England. Train links across the region are good and well connected to serve London’s airports. As the components for wind turbine manufacture are brought in by sea a good road network is not essential. Top

Skills base

Following the collapse of the fishing industry there is a qualified marine workforce awaiting a new industry. As a result of the oil and gas industry off the Eastern coast there is an abundance of world class expertise in installing and maintaining oil platforms and pipelines, skills that are transferable for the manufacture, installation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines.

Mapergy shows the region’s many companies already involved in the wind farm supply chain. Top

Facilities and Expertise

East Anglia heralds some of the UK’s top research institutions into climate change and renewable energy technologies such as the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia.

Cranfield University boasts wind tunnels and Cambridge University has a wave tank; both useful assets for manufacturers and developers. The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science is also located in the region in Lowestoft. Plans are going ahead for a Centre Of Excellence for Offshore Wind that would make Lowestoft the regional, and potentially national, centre for offshore wind technology.


Top

 

Copyright © 2004 Archant Regional. All rights reserved. Terms and conditions

 
Copyright © 2008 Archant Regional. All rights reserved.
Terms and conditions